Astrophysical constraints on the simulation hypothesis for this Universe: why it is (nearly) impossible that we live in a simulation

Abstract Introduction: The “simulation hypothesis” is a radical idea which posits that our reality is a computer simulation. We wish to assess how physically realistic this is, based on physical constraints from the link between information and energy, and based on known astrophysical constraints of the Universe. Methods: We investigate three cases: the simulation of the entire visible Universe, the simulation of Earth only, or a low-resolution simulation of Earth compatible with high-energy neutrino observations. Results: In all cases, the amounts of energy or power required by any version of the simulation hypothesis are entirely incompatible with physics or (literally)...